![]() The degree of torsion is measured by applying the twisting moment, to the tip. Experimentally deflection is measured by hanging a mass on the tip with the butt fixed. The Composite structure of golf shaft made of polypropylene plastics is modeled and mechanical behavior is experimentally calculated. In sports application like golf shaft which is subjected to various deflection and torsion loads so that ordinary steel golf shaft is replaced to polypropylene plastics which may help the player for more comfort due to its weight reduction. Polypropylene is most widely used polymer matrix composite (PMC) due to its unique strength and hardness. The Composite materials have found widespread applications in various fields of engineering such as aerospace, marine, automobile and mechanical applications. They also have practical implications for coaches and golfers intending to improve driving accuracy while maximizing driving distance. These results suggest asymmetric outcome effects of symmetrical GP manipulation. Weaker GPs revealed significantly more adverse accuracy and distance effects. Overall, the optimal performance on driving accuracy and distance was found for the neutral and stronger GPs. The results showed that GP significantly affected six dependent variables on accuracy (sideways deviation (left and right), accuracy absolute, clubface angle, club path angle, face to path angle, launch direction) and two outcomes on distance (clubhead speed and driving distance total). Data were collected using a Trackman™ doppler radar-based system for 28 amateur recreational golfers with a driver clubhead-speed range between 120 km/h and 153 km/h (M = 138.93 km/h, SD = 14.41) and a handicap range between −3 and −36 (M = −15.0, SD = 8.0). The current study investigated the impact of five systematically manipulated GPs using 15° increments between −30° (strong) and +30° (weak) on driving accuracy and distance. However, it is unknown which specific GP (i.e., strong, neutral, weak) produces the desired shot outcomes. Make any necessary adjustments.The grip position (GP) in golf substantially affects performance outcomes such as shot accuracy and hitting distance. Remove the club from the vise, set it on the ground in playing position - holding it in your normal grip - and double-check the alignment. You have about two minutes to make adjustments before the tape begins sticking to the grip. Look down the grip toward the clubface, and adjust the alignment marks so they’re square with, or parallel to, the clubface. "If it’s at 5 or 7 when you grab it, it can adjust the face angle if you’re not careful.” Step 5 “The rib sits at 6 o’clock," according to DeWulf. But if you're placing a ribbed grip on the shaft, the rib should be on the bottom. “The markings, the logos, you want to get them as square as possible (to the clubface), typically at 12 o’clock,” says DeWulf. Set the grip's alignment marks on top - the 12 o'clock position as you look straight down the shaft from the grip end - then push the grip all the way onto the shaft. ![]() The entire grip area, including the hollow end of the shaft, must be covered with double-sided grip tape - with the backing peeled off - then an activator such as mineral spirits must be poured over the tape. Sometimes the logo or company name that runs vertically down the grip also serves as the alignment mark. Different grips contain different alignment marks, but almost all grips have a small notch at the top of the grip and another at the bottom of the grip. ![]() Look for the alignment marks on the new grip before placing it on the club. ![]() You want to set it in as square as you can.” Step 2 “When you set (the club) into the vise you want to have that face square,” says Chris DeWulf, custom and repair manager at Miles of Golf in Ann Arbor, Michigan. The clubhead must be square relative to the vise, basically perpendicular to the ground. Set the clamp into a vise, then tighten the vise. Place a rubber shaft clamp around club’s shaft, a few inches below the grip. Additionally, grips may contain small markings, known as alignment marks, to help clubfitters place the grips correctly, so the ridges or flat spots will be in the correct positions when golfers grasp the clubs. With rare exceptions, a golf grip will contain some ridges or flatter spaces that help golfers hold the club correctly.
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